Country statistics

107 out of 189 in Human Development Index Rankings (UNDP, 2019) 

$3,870 Average annual salary per person (World Bank, 2021) 

1 in 5 urban residents lives in a slum (Habitat for Humanity, 2021)

Indonesia has the world’s fourth-largest population with 258.7 million people, and this is projected to increase to as much as 320 million by 2045. Located in South-east Asia between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, Indonesia is the world’s largest country comprised solely of islands. One of these is the Island of Java, which is considered to be one of the most densely populated places on earth (CIA Factbook, 2018). More than half of Indonesia is urbanised with one in five urban residents living in slums (Habitat for Humanity, 2021).

Roughly 25 million families live in urban slums, along railway tracks, riverbanks and streets (Habitat, 2019). 

Being highly prone to volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and landsides, coupled with rapid urbanisation and increasing population exposure, Indonesia had 705,000 new displacements in 2020. 
 
Flooding in Jakarta in January 2020 resulted in almost 397,000 displacements, while conflict and violence, mainly in Papua, led to 4,600 of the displacements (in additional to 40,000 internally displaced persons due to conflict) (Internal Displacement, 2021). 

Since 2013, thousands of migrants and asylum seekers have been stranded in Indonesia due to tightened Australian immigration policies (CIA Factbook, 2018).